Printf() function in C

Printf() function in C :

It is called as formatted data output function.

The printf() function ,translates internal values as characters.

This function converts , formats and displays arguments using standard output i.e the console .

The function can be used to output any combination of numerical values,  characters and strings .

The printf() function is written as

        printf(“control string”,arg1,arg2,…,argn);

where control string refers to a string that contains formatting information and arg1…argn  are arguments which represents the individual data items to be displayed.

The control string consist of two types of objects namely the ordinary characters and the conversion specifications.

Ordinary characters are nothing but those characters which will be displayed on the standard output i.e. the monitor.

The conversion specification is prefixed with the percentage sign(%) and followed by a conversion character.

There must be exactly the same number of arguments as there of format specifiers . The  format specifiers and the arguments are matched in order from left to right.

Between the % sign and the conversion character ,the following may also be given ,however in order specified. The list is as follows

·       A minus sign , this specifies that the converted argument be left justified.

·       A number which specifies the minimum fiels width .if lesser is input ,the value is padded to the left or right so as to make up for the minimum display width.

·       A period(.) ,this seperates the field width from the precision.

·       A number which displays the maximum display length of the string in case of character or number of digits after a decimal point in case of a floating point value.

·       An  h  if the integer is to be printed as short and an  i  if specified as signed integer.

Example program:

Output:

Given below is the list of conversion character list:

The following program indicates how several different data types can be displayed using print function.

 output:

 %d indicates integer , %s indicates character string and %f indicates floating value.

a,b,c,d,e,f in hexadecimal systems represents the number 10 to 15,these letters can be displayed in either upper case or lower case using the %X or %x format specifiers respectively.

Example program to display in hexa decimal format:

output:

Thank you ...
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