IP Address(Advance)

IP Address(Advance)

In our previous post we have discussed about IP address basis.I hope you will have some idea about IP address now. If you have not read my previous post on IP address(basic) read it first and continue this for a better understanding.

Link for IP Address (basic) : https://iamafutureprogrammer.blogspot.com/2019/08/what-is-ip-adress.html

Now lets have a quick recap on IP address ,

• It is a numeric address
• It is an identifier for a computer or a device on a network
• Every device on a network need to have an IP address to communicate.

IP address consist of two parts 

1. Network address
2. Host address

IP address are of two types

1. IPv4(commonly used)
2. IPv6

IPv4 address looks as follow:

                       "  68.123.78.3 " (four digits separated by a dot)

• each digit is called a octet.
• The number range in each octet is from 0 to 255.
• By changing the octets it is possible to get up to 4 billion combination of IP address. 

IPv6 address looks as follow:

           " 12DC:567A:FA12:9DC6:47A2:54AB:EE44:654B "

• It is a 128 bit hexadecimal address.
• Hexadecimal uses both numbers and alphabets(A to F){A means 10 ...... F means 15}
• It is the next generation of IP address.
• It is capable of producing 340 undecillion addresses.

Now lets see what is called as subnet mask,

As I said earlier IP address consist of two parts,they are network id and host id,

The above picture shows that there are three class of subnet mask(A,B,C) but actually there are 5 classes but its enough to know about first three classes.

• The class A IP address supports 60 million hosts on 126 networks.
• This class is mainly given to very large organisations because of very tremendous number of IP addresses.

• The class B IP address supports 65 thousand hosts on 16 thousand networks.
• It is given to medium sized organizations.

• The class C IP address supports 254 hosts on 2 million networks.
• It is given to small organisations.

Now lets discuss about public and private IP address,

• Public IP addresses are publicly registered on the internet.(i.e, if you have a public IP address you can access the Internet) 
•  Private IP addresses are not publicly registered so you cannot directly access the internet with it.

Private IP addresses are used in small area network such as schools,collages etc.. where the institute has only one registered public IP address and all the nodes in that network has a private IP addresses .when the node what to access the internet it makes mask the Public IP of the Admin node(i.e,the node with public IP).

The main reason for using it to prevent shortage of public IP addresses.

The private IP addresses are of the above Three classes.

Note:Lets discuss some more intresting topics in the upcoming posts....

If any doubts aask in the comment section below......Thankyou.