Fibre Optic Cable

Fibre Optic Cable

The Cable that carry most of our data are fibre optic cable that are laid under the ground.They are laid under the ocean also.

Optical Fibre Cables are made up of thousands of fibre strands.

Each strand is in the size of human hair.

Optical Fibres carry information in the form of light.

The concept of Total Internal Refraction is used in optical fibres to transport the information in form of light.

The main reason for using optical fibre cables are

• As optical fibre cables uses light to transport information they are faster compared to traditional copper cables.
• There is less chance of Interference of data transporting through optical fibre cable from external sources.
• As we know electrons carry data in copper cables so they forms electric field outside the wire which can disturb the flow of data but in Optical Fibres there is no such issues.

There are four layers in Fibre optic cables

• Core
• Cladding
• Buffer
• Jacket

Core: It carries the light signals by the principle of Total internal Reflection.

Cladding: It keeps the light in the core by acting as a protective coating to the core which stops the light signal from escaping outside of the core.

Buffer: They protect the core and cladding from external pressure and tension. They are commonly coloured as black to prevent light signals getting out.

Jacket: They are the outer most layer of the fibre optic cable. Their purpose is to prevent damage to cable from environmental hazards.

  

 The above Image shows the installation of  fibre optic cables under the lands and also under the oceans.

They are maintained by only some companies like AT&T , Google and Verizon.

The below image shows the network of the fibre optic cables through out the world (Internet).

Advantages of Fibre Optic Cables over Copper Cables:

• Higher BandWidth
• Faster Speed
• Reliable and Flexible   etc...

Applications of Fibre Optic Cables:

• Internet
• Medical Equipments.
• Military and Space applications    etc...

Thank You ...