Operators in C Part 1

Operators in C Part 1 :

As discussed in our previous posts ,individual constants , variables can be joined by various operators to form expressions .

C includes a number of operators as follows :

·       Arithmetic operators

·       Unary operators

·       Relational and Logical operators

·       Assignment operators

·       Conditional operators

·       Bitwise operators

The data item that operator act upon are called operands. Some operands requires two operators while others act upon only one operand.

Arithmetic Operators:

Below are the arithmetic operators and their purpose.

OPERATOR	PURPOSE
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	It takes quotient after division
%	It takes remainder after division

Examples:

If a and b are two integer variables and there values are 10 and 3 ,then

EXPRESSION	VALUE
a + b	13
a – b	7
a * b	30
a / b	3
a % b	1

If c and d are two floating point variables and there values are 12.5 and 2.0

c + d	14.5
c - d	10.5
c * d	25.0
c / d	6.25
c % d	Not possible

Note:  the modulo (%) operator requires both the operands to be integer and the second operand to be non zero.

If e and f are two character variables that represents the values for e and f as  P and T , then

e	80
e + f	164
e + f + 5	169
e + f +’5’	217

Unary operators :

Unary operators are a class of operators that acts upon single operand to produce a new value.

The common unary operators are :

OPERATOR	What is it
-	Unary minus
++	Increment operator
--	Decrement operator
sizeof	Size of the operand

Example of unary minus :

If a=-4 , b=5 and c=-6 and a=-a , b=-b ,c =-c then ,the values of a , b and c would be 4, -5 and  6 respectively.

A ++ operator increments the value of the operand by 1(i.e , adding the value of operand by one).

If the operator precedes the operand (e.g, i++) then ,the operand will change its value before it is utilized for the intended purpose with in the program. The operators are called pre increment operators.

If the operator follows the operand (e.g.i++),then the value of the operand is altered after it is utilized. It is called as post increment operator.

Example program for pre increment operator :

Output:

Example program for post increment operator:

Output:

Example program for size of operator:

Output:

Note : The size of operator returns the size in bytes taken by each data type to store its value. The size changes depends on the compiler.

The associativity of the unary operator is from right to left.

For example :

If x and y are integer variables whose values are 10 and 20. The value of the expression  –x+y will be -10+20=10.

The unary minus operation is carried out before the addition operation.

Using the same expression if parenthesis are used , so the expression becomes –(10+20)=  -30. The addition now precedes the unary minus operation.

Lets continue operators in C in our next post .

Thank you..

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