Fibre Optic Cable
The Cable that carry most of our data are fibre optic cable that are laid under the ground.They are laid under the ocean also.
Optical Fibre Cables are made up of thousands of
fibre strands.
Each strand is in the size of human hair.
Optical Fibres carry information in the form of
light.
The concept of Total Internal Refraction is used in
optical fibres to transport the information in form of light.
The main reason for using optical fibre cables are
- As optical fibre cables uses light to transport
information they are faster compared to traditional copper cables.
- There is less chance of Interference of data
transporting through optical fibre cable from external sources.
- As we know electrons carry data in copper cables so
they forms electric field outside the wire which can disturb the flow of data
but in Optical Fibres there is no such issues.
There are four layers in Fibre optic cables
- Core
- Cladding
- Buffer
- Jacket
Core: It carries the light signals by the principle
of Total internal Reflection.
Cladding: It keeps the light in the core by acting as
a protective coating to the core which stops the light signal from escaping outside
of the core.
Buffer: They protect the core and cladding from
external pressure and tension. They are commonly coloured as black to prevent
light signals getting out.
Jacket: They are the outer most layer of the fibre
optic cable. Their purpose is to prevent damage to cable from environmental hazards.
The above Image shows the installation of fibre optic cables under the lands and also under the oceans.
They are maintained by only some companies like AT&T , Google and Verizon.
The below image shows the network of the fibre optic cables through out the world (Internet).
Advantages of Fibre Optic Cables over Copper Cables:
- Higher BandWidth
- Faster Speed
- Reliable and Flexible etc...
Applications of Fibre Optic Cables:
- Internet
- Medical Equipments.
- Military and Space applications etc...
Thank You ...